CHAPTER 1 Before Giving Care and Checking an Injured or Ill Person 1
Your Role in the EMS System 2
Disease Transmission and Prevention 5
Taking Action: Emergency Action Steps 8
Checking a Conscious Person 14
Shock 16
Checking an Unconscious Person 1 7
Incident Stress 22
Putting It All Together 23
SKILL SHEET: Removing Gloves 24
SKILL SHEET: Checking an Injured or Ill Adult 25
SKILL SHEET: Checking an Injured or Ill Child or Infant 27
CHAPTER 2 Cardiac Emergencies and CPR _____________________________ 29
Background 30
Heart Attack 30
Cardiac Arrest 33
Putting It All Together 40
SKILL SHEET: CPR—Adult 41
SKILL SHEET: CPR—Child 42
SKILL SHEET: CPR—Infant 43
CHAPTER 3 AED ___________________________________________________________ 44
When the Heart Suddenly Fails 45
Using an AED 45
AED Precautions 45
How to Use an AED—Adults 46
How to Use an AED—Children and Infants 47
Special AED Situations 47
Other AED Protocols 49
AED Maintenance 49
Putting It All Together 49
SKILL SHEET: AED—Adult or Child Older Than 8 Years or Weighing More than 55 Pounds 50
SKILL SHEET: AED—Child and Infant Younger Than 8 Years or Weighing Less than 55 Pounds 52
CHAPTER 4 Breathing Emergencies 54
Background 55
Respiratory Distress and Respiratory Arrest 56
Choking 59
Putting It All Together 65
SKILL SHEET: Conscious Choking—Adult 66
SKILL SHEET: Conscious Choking—Child 67
SKILL SHEET: Conscious Choking—Infant 68
SKILL SHEET: Unconscious Choking—Adult 69
SKILL SHEET: Unconscious Choking—Child and Infant 70
CHAPTER 5 Sudden Illness 71
Sudden Illness 72
Specifi c Sudden Illnesses 73
Poisoning 79
Putting It All Together 83
CHAPTER 6 Environmental Emergencies 84
Heat-Related Illnesses and Cold-Related Emergencies 85
Bites and Stings 88
Poisonous Plants 98
Lightning 99
Putting It All Together 100
CHAPTER 7 Soft Tissue Injuries 101
Wounds 102
Burns 109
Special Situations 112
Putting It All Together 116
SKILL SHEET: Controlling External Bleeding 11 7
SKILL SHEET: Using a Manufactured Tourniquet 118
CHAPTER 8 Injuries to Muscles, Bones and Joints 119
Background 120
Types of Injuries 121
Putting It All Together 129
SKILL SHEET: Applying an Anatomic Splint 130
SKILL SHEET: Applying a Soft Splint 132
SKILL SHEET: Applying a Rigid Splint 134
SKILL SHEET: Applying a Sling and Binder 136
CHAPTER 9 Special Situations and Circumstances _____________________ 138
Children and Infants 139
Emergency Childbirth 145
Older Adults 146
People With Disabilities 147
Language Barriers 149
Crime Scenes and Hostile Situations 149
Putting It All Together 150
CHAPTER 10 Asthma___________________________________________________ 151
Asthma 152
Putting It All Together 154
SKILL SHEET: Assisting With an Asthma Inhaler 155
CHAPTER 11 Anaphylaxis and Epinephrine Auto-Injectors 157
Anaphylaxis 158
Putting It All Together 160
SKILL SHEET: Assisting with an Epinephrine Auto-Injector 161
APPENDIX Injury Prevention and Emergency Preparedness 163
Injuries 164
Putting It All Together 1 71